1. Electron microscope image of a commercial bond coat after thermal cycling showing how the thermally grown oxide becomes 'rumpled', leading to subsequent spallation of the ceramic top coat and failure of the entire TBC system.
2. Electron microscope image of the new ISU composition after the same number of thermal cycles showing essentially the same surface topography as the starting surface (i.e., no 'rumpling').
1. Electron microscope image of a commercial bond coat after thermal cycling showing how the thermally grown oxide becomes 'rumpled', leading to subsequent spallation of the ceramic top coat and failure of the entire TBC system.
